įitness boot camps as outdoor fitness group classes developed independently in Australia in 1991 (Original Bootcamp), the United States in the 1990s, the United Kingdom in 1999 ( British Military Fitness), and Canada in 2001 (The Original Boot Camp). Indoor "boot camp workouts" at health clubs around the U.S. Marine Corps drill instructor was released in 1984. Ī recreational "Boot Camp Workout" audio compact cassette recorded by a U.S. Correctional boot camps were used in New Zealand from 1971 to 1981 and in the United States since 1983. These publications by Orban and Cooper helped to launch modern fitness culture. Air Force Colonel Kenneth Cooper's wrote Aerobics in 1968 and a mass-market version The New Aerobics in 1979. Bill Orban developed the Royal Canadian Air Force Exercise Plans in 1961, a fitness plan for military personnel that sold 23 million copies to the public. Military-style training was used in the nineteenth century to rehabilitate civilian prisoners in the United States and for U.S. Navy and Marine recruits in the Spanish–American War (1898) who wore leggings called boots these recruits were trained in "boot" camps. This regimen was assimilated into the training of the British Army, which formed the Army Gymnastic Staff in 1861 and made sport an important part of military life. In 1860 Archibald MacLaren opened a gymnasium at the University of Oxford, England and instituted a training regimen for Captain Frederick Hammersley and 12 non-commissioned officers at the university. Military forces have emphasized fitness since ancient times. These originated independently in Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. Fitness boot camps as outdoor group fitness classes grew in popularity in the 2000s. Indoor and outdoor boot camp workouts became popular in the United States in the late 1990s. The activities and format may be loosely modeled on aspects of fitness training used in the military and the trainers themselves may be former military personnel. These programs are designed to build strength and fitness through a variety of types of exercise. A fitness boot camp is a type of group physical training program that may be conducted by gyms, personal trainers or other organizations.
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